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Qhov Zais Cia rau Qhov Zoo ntawm Cov Hlau Bearing: Cov Cim Qhia Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Kev Tsis Zoo Ib Txwm Muaj

 

Ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuab kho tshuab, qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab lub neej ntawm kev dovcov kabmobfeem ntau nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau bearing uas lawv ua los ntawm. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov khoom thauj siab thiab kev kub ceev, cov kev cai nruj heev raug yuam rau cov hlau.

 

I. Cov Kev Cai Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Ua HaujlwmKev TuavHlau

 

Kev Ntshiab Siab thiab Cov Ntsiab Lus Tsis Muaj Peev Xwm

 

Cov khoom uas tsis yog hlau nyob hauv cov hlau (xws li oxides thiab sulfides) yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov tawg ntawm cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau bearing niaj hnub no feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem refining xws li vacuum degassing thiab electroslag remelting kom txo cov sulfur, phosphorus, thiab cov roj, yog li txhim kho cov khoom siv sib xws thiab lub zog qaug zog.

 

Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem Kom Tseeb

 

Cov dej ntws tseem ceebkev coj uaCov hlau feem ntau yog cov hlau chromium uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau (xws li GCr15). Nws cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum tau ruaj khov ntawm 0.95% thiab 1.05%, thiab nws cov pa roj chromium yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 1.30% thiab 1.65%. Kev sib piv kom raug ua kom muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj zog thiab cov carbides zoo sib npaug tom qab quenching, ua rau cov khoom siv hnav zoo heev thiab tiv taus compressive.

 

Kev sib npaug ntawm cov qauv me me thiab cov qib qis ntawm qhov tsis zoo

 

Cov qauv me me yuav tsum tsis muaj kev sib cais uas pom tseeb, Widmanstätten qauv, lossis network carbides. Cov qauv me me uas tau quenched thiab tempered zoo tshaj plaws yog cryptocrystalline martensite + finely dispersed carbides + ib qho nyiaj tsim nyog ntawm cov austenite khaws cia kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo.

 

Kev Ntsuas Nto thiab Qhov Ntev

 

Cov hlau nto yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li tawg, quav, thiab caws pliav, thiab qhov tob ntawm cov txheej decarburized yuav tsum nyob hauv qhov ntau yam teev tseg (feem ntau ≤0.20 hli). Ntxiv mus, qhov ntev thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov duab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm zoo tom qab thiab cov txiaj ntsig.

 

II. Cov Kev Tsis Zoo ntawm Metallurgical thiab Lawv Cov Kev Cuam Tshuam: Muaj Cov Khoom Uas Tsis Yog Hlau Ntau Dhau

 

Cov khoom loj, tawg yooj yim (xws li Al₂O₃) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tawg me me hauv thaj chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab, ua rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm kev sib cuag txo qis.

 

Kev tsim cov carbide tsis sib npaug: Kev casting tsis raug lossis kev ua kom sov tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov carbides sib sau ua ke hauv cov hlua lossis cov tes hauj lwm, ua rau lub zog ciam teb ntawm cov noob tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg yooj yim.

 

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw: Cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov quav uas tsim thaum lub sijhawm dov, yog tias tsis tshem tawm sai sai, tuaj yeem nthuav dav thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov, ua rau cov khoom ua haujlwm raug pov tseg.

 

Kev decarburization tob dhau: Kev txo qis ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntawm qhov chaw ua rau tsis txaus quenching hardness thiab txo qis kev hnav tsis kam, cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb thiab lub neej ntawm cov kabmob.

 

Hauv kev xaus lus, kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim cov hlau bearing zoo yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem metallurgical, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab kev tsim khoom raug. Los ntawm kev tswj cov hlau purity ntawm qhov chaw mus rau kev saib xyuas microstructural evolution thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem, txhua kauj ruam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom kawg. Yav tom ntej, raws li cov khoom siv high-end txuas ntxiv xav tau kev ua tau zoo dua los ntawm bearings, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li ultra-clean steel thiab high-temperature bearing steel yuav txuas ntxiv tsav tsheb kev nce qib hauv kev lag luam.